We will talk about Logic Models. This is an example of LM Dr. Ginger Franks style of Logic Models.   The class make one for their project.  This is a PowerPoint on logic models 4-H style

PRECEDE-PROCEED

Good programs are based on models.  Models used by planners as means of structuring ; organizing planning process.

This lecture's focus is on the PRECEDE Predisposing, Reinforcing and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation.

PROCEED stands for Policy, Regulatory and Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Development.

The model is theoretically grounded and comprehensive in nature. It combines planning, implementation and evaluation. The greatness of the model is seen in that it takes into account the multiple factors that shape health status and helps the planner arrive at a highly focused subset of those factors as targets for evaluation.

PRECEDE also generates specific objectives and criteria for evaluation.

PROCEED - elaboration and extension of the administrative diagnosis step of PRECEDE.

The model begins with final consequences and works backward to causes. This forces the planner to begin the planning process from the outcome end and encourages asking why before how.

This Breast Self Exam article in the Journal of Health Behavior shows how the PRECEDE-PROCEED model was used to develop a BSE program for low-income women.
In this case, the final outcome is Breast Self Exam and the model helps to determine what will help the women regularly perform BSE, or what must precede the outcome. The factors important to any outcome must be designed before the intervention is designed. If not then intervention is based on guess work.

Social assessment - Subjectively define QOL ( problems & priorities ) of target population, individual or community. The best programs have the individuals involved in a self-study of their own needs. This empowers people and gathers needed input in order to determine the solution. Indicators include absenteeism, crime, illegitimacy, self-esteem, votes, welfare, unemployment and good things too.

Epidemiological assessment - Planners use data to identify and rank health goals or problem of phase 1. Data - morbidity, mortality, functional level, disability, longevity and prevalence.
Have to rank health problems because there is not enough money to fix us all.

Behavioral and environmental assessment - Determining and prioritizing the behavioral and environmental factors linked to phase
2. Behavioral indicators - compliance, consumption patterns, coping, preventative actions. Expressed as frequency, persistence and quality. Environmental indicators - economic, physical, services and social. Dimensions include - access, affordability and equity.
Note arrows in 3 also go to 1 & 2, so programs attacking specific risk factors also impact social forces. For example, blood alcohol content for drinking and driving impact the number of arrests. Just rank factors by importance and changeability then use the 2x2 matrix.

Educational and organizational assessment - identifies factors with potential influence on behavior.

Predisposing factors- personal preferences that a group or individual brings to a behavioral choice. Include KAB, values, existing skills, perceived needs and abilities.
They support or inhibit behavior and include the cognitive and affective dimensions of knowing, feeling, believing, valuing and having self confidence or self efficacy.

Enabling factors - facilitate the performance of an action. Environmental conditions - availability, accessibility affordability of resources. New skills needed to carry out a behavioral or environmental change.

Reinforcing - positive and negative consequences of an action, including social support, peer influences, advice and feed back of health-care provides and physical consequences of behavior. They determine weather the individual receives positive feed back for the behavior and is socially supported after behavior.

Phase 5 Administrative and policy assessment - Planners determine if capabilities and resources availability to develop and implement program. Moves into 6 - implementation and evaluation

Phase 6 Implementation - Methods and strategies selected for intervention; implementation begins.

Phases 7-9 evaluation - Done during program implementation to make adjustments.

Process evaluation is done to improve the  program e.g. reactions and speakers at workshop assess overall effectiveness of program.

Impact - number of smokers who quit, number of people performing CPR, AIDS, changes in knowledge level, adoption of behaviors..

Outcome - program met long term goals; objectives decrease morbidity, decrease mortality and increase Quality Of Life.

MATCH   

Phase 1:  Goals Selection
Phase 2:  Intervention Planning
Phase 3:  Program Development
Phase 4:  Implementation Preparations
Phase 5:  Evaluation

Social Marketing- program planning process designed to influence the voluntary behaviors of  specific audience segment to achieve a social rather than financial objective.  SM is best viewed as a planning framework that positions consumers at the core of all activity.  This can be a time-consuming and costly process. SM attempts to strategically understand the consumer and ensure that interventions are not only based on consumer input but also tested with consumers before being implemented. This is different from traditional health promotion practice.

Key Elements in SM

Two health communication and social marketing models are CDCynergy & SMART

CDCynergy

Phase 1:  Problem Definition and Description- 
Phase 2:  Problem Analysis-
Phase 3:  Communication Program Planning
Phase 4:  Program and Evaluation Development
Phase 5:  Program Implementation and Management
Phase 6:  Feedback

SMART

Phase 1:  Preliminary Planning
Phase 2:  Consumer Analysis
Phase 3:  Market Analysis
Phase 4:  Channel Analysis
Phase 5:  Develop Materials and Pretest
Phase 6:  Implementation
Phase 7:  Evaluation

See Table 2.7

First example of a good planning model homework assignment. (Word Doc., click open when prompted)

Second example of a good planning model homework assignment. (Word Doc.)

Health Promotion Class Notes
Page last updated 09/17/03